Statistical Maps

http://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/maps/respop.html

 A Statistical Map is a type of map that shows the variation in quantity of a factor in the area or geographic location. Three main types include a choropleth map, proportional symbol maps, and to map. These maps make it easier to relate info to a certain location. An example of this is the map above. It shows the resident population for each state in the U.S. in the year 2000 from the census. This is shown with shading of greens with a legend to define the interval for each shade.

Doppler Radar

http://www.srh.noaa.gov/tlh/?n=event-20110327-hailstorms

Doppler Radar is a specialized radar system that uses the Doppler effect as a tracking system to determine the location and velocity of clouds, storms, precipitation, and more. It shows change over a span of time. An example of this is shown above. This example shows a Doppler radar image of Miller county, GA moments before 1.75 inch hail was produced. The legend on the edge shows the intensity which is defined by the colors. 

Correlation Matrix

http://yin.che.wisc.edu/images.htm

A correlation matrix is a matrix between all pairs of data sets. An example of this is shown above. This is a correlation matrix of phage T7 proteins. The behaviors are shown from high displayed in red, to low displayed in blue. The red blocks that form a triangular shape are shown to be highly correlated because they are involved in phase assembly process. 

Star Plots

http://www.math.yorku.ca/SCS/sugi/sugi16-paper.html

A star plot allows the viewer to compare multiple variables. Each star represents a single observation. An example of this is shown above and shows a star plot of automobile data. Each star represents a car model, and each ray represents a variable and is proportional to that variables value. 

Scatter Plot

http://onlinestatbook.com/chapter4/intro.html

A scatter plot is a graph that plots two values along two axes. The scatter pattern demonstrates the correlation between the two variables. A trend line demonstrates what the general pattern is. An example of this is the chart above which displays the wife’s age versus husband’s age. The dots represent each value and the graph shows a strong positive correlation between the two values.

Histogram

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histogram

A histogram is a map of distribution of data. It represents the frequency of a specific event happening.  An example of this is shown above where the heights of black cherry trees are plotted on the histogram. It is seen that 10 trees were found to have a height of 80 feet. 

Windrose Maps

http://www.nc-climate.ncsu.edu/windrose.php

A windrose is a symbol that shows the direction and wind speed in a particular location. This is mostly used by meteorologists. This is an example of a windrose of Raleigh-Durham from 1948 to 2013. The legend demonstrates the colors designated to each speed and the slices demonstrate the direction that can be found using the coordinate system. So most of the wind was found to be in the SW direction with and average speed if 7.12 mph. 

LIDAR

http://gallery.usgs.gov/photos/09_01_2012_rVMy5DCp53_09_01_2012_0#.UykMoig0oQ4

LIDAR , light detection and ranging, is used to create high resolution maps. It is a remote sensing method that uses light as a laser to detect varying physical features. This is an example of a LIDAR map of the Interstate 510 Bridge in New Orleans taken in 2012. This uses the light lasers to map this area and will be used to detect any flooding in urban areas impacted by Hurricane Isaac.  

DOQQ

http://lacoast.gov/maps/2005doqq/

DOQQ are aerial photographs or satellite imagery that are digital. Each quarter covers one of a quadrangle. They are corrected to line up with longitude and latitude lines. This is done due to the relief and the camera angle.  This map is an example of DOQQ imagery of Louisiana after Hurricane Katrina and Rita in 2005. This map is provided by USGS and was used to show the damage and to gain more assistance in hurricane recovery. 

Box Plot

http://nelsontouchconsulting.wordpress.com/2011/01/07/behold-the-box-plot/

A box plot is used most for displaying statistical information and comparing data. It is made up of box and whiskers. Measurements of the average, maximum, minimum and the average dispersion are things shown on a box plot. This is an example of boxplots and it demonstrates the market for Engineer compared to Market Base salary. Boxplots help in determining the range of the data and compare it another set of data and see where it falls within those values. 

Stem and leaf plot

http://mainland.cctt.org/mathsummer/josephbond/stemandplots/stem-and-leaf_std.htm

A stem leaf plot organizes a set of numbers or data to make it easier to read or understand.  The digits in the greatest place value are plotted in the left column (stem) and the digits in the next greatest value is the plotted in the right column know as the leaf. This is an example of a stem and leaf plot demonstrating infant mortality rate in western Africa. The greatest place values are placed in the stem column and the lowest is placed in the leaf column. 

Proportional circle map

http://geographyfieldwork.com/DataPresentationMappingTechniques.htm

A proportional circle map shows values using a circle as a symbol. The area of the circle is in proportion to the size of the value being shown. This is an example of a proportional circle map. It was taken of Czech Republic and displays the common languages with different sized circles and colors. Each slice represents the proportion of those that speak that language. 

Isopleth Map

http://geographyfieldwork.com/DataPresentationMappingTechniques.htm

Similar to an isoline, an isopleths is a continuous line connecting two points of the same value together, representing a third dimension. This map is an example of an isopleths map and shows gradual change over space. This map demonstrates the precipitation on the 10^th of June in 200. Each value is represented by a different shading of blue and delineated using isopleths or isolines.  

propaganda map

http://www.learnnc.org/lp/editions/mapping/6434

A propaganda map is a map created with the goal to help a certain cause and persuade the users to think or see something a certain way. This map is an example of a propaganda map and was made during the cold war. This map is a displays the USSR as being larger than Africa which gave the perception of the USSR taking over Europe and having their armies spreading all over Europe. This was done with the intentions to make users of the map to support an increase in military spending. 

DEM

http://www.satimagingcorp.com/svc/dem.html

Digital Elevation model displays an image of regularly spaced grid of elevation points. It uses a three dimensional geodetic system with the x-axis as easting’s, y axis as northing’s and z axis is the elevation.  This is an example of a DEM and displays an image of Eritrea Africa. This is an IKONOS image, which means the data, is from IKONOS satellite sensors.

Flow maps

http://euclid.psych.yorku.ca/SCS/Gallery/milestone/Test/thumb5/popup/bssn1_popup1-29.htm

Flow maps show the movement and path of objects from one location to another. This map shows transit routes of pedestrians through shaded lines and the density is demonstrated by the thickness of the line. This is one of the first published flow maps made. 

Dot distribution Map

http://lewishistoricalsociety.com/wiki2011/tiki-read_article.php?articleId=6

Dot Distribution maps shows the location of a certain type of feature by using a dots as a symbol. The scatter pattern of the dots demonstrates the spatial distribution of the feature. This map is of cell phone tower locations in the US. It can be seen that there is more concentration of cell phone towers in the east then in the west side of the US. 

PLSS

http://www.co.pacific.wa.us/gis/desktopgis/web/index.html

Public land surveying system is a rectangular surveying system mapping method, which is used to identify land, parcels before townships and ranges are identified. It divides areas into townships and ranges. This is an example of a PLSS map of Pacific county in Washington. The townships are labeled on the vertical axis and the ranges are located on the horizontal axis.

Cadastral Map

http://www.gpem.uq.edu.au/graphic-presentation-maps

Cadastral maps show the boundaries of land parcels in an area. It usually includes details of who owns what and the actual description of the boundaries as well as the parcel id. This map is a cadastral map of Montgomery County taken in 2010. It shows the boundaries of each parcel as well as information.

Mental Map

http://ocw.mit.edu/ans7870/MAS/MAS.965/f04/assignments/tripti/Assignment10/index.htm

A mental map is a map made of one’s own perception and knowledge of an area that they have interacted with. Nothing is to scale and the map of the same area made by another person may look completely different. This map is drawn from the perspective of Francis of Cambridge, Boston. It shows his perception of where different landmarks and places are and uses his own symbolism to represent each place.

Univariate Choropleth Map

http://visualizingeconomics.com/blog/2007/08/11/united-states-poverty-map

This map is an example of an univariate choropleth map. This map shows one type of data set value and uses different shading from yellow to red to show the concentration. This map plots the income in % of the United states. This map specifically shows the % living in poverty.